Decreased muscle mass, also known as sarcopenia, is a common condition characterized by loss of muscle tissue due to aging or diseases. It can lead to lack of strength, mobility issues, and increased risk of injuries.
Some key points about decreased muscle mass:
Sarcopenia can be caused by several factors:
- Aging - Most significant cause. Starting around age 30, adults lose about 3-5% of muscle mass per decade. Muscle fibers shrink and muscle cells die over time.
- Diseases - Certain cancer, diabetes, kidney disease, lung disease, heart disease.
- Inactivity - Lack of strength-training, malnutrition, poor diet.
- Symptoms
Decreased muscle mass can have quite noticeable symptoms:
- Lack of strength - Less muscle means less power and strength. Makes activities harder.
- Slower movements - Reduced mobility, slower walking speed, trouble standing up.
- Fatigue, exhaustion - Chores, exercise feels harder. Fatigues faster.
- Frequent falls - Muscle loss causes balance issues, fall risk.
- Diagnosis
Doctors may diagnose low muscle mass by:
- Physical exam
- Muscle strength tests
- Body mass scan - Checks tissue composition
- Lab tests - For underlying condition
- Treatment
Treatment aims to slow muscle loss progression and improve strength:
- Strength training - Most important. Builds muscle with weights, bands, machines.
- Protein intake - Consuming more dietary proteins grows muscle.
- Vitamin D - Helps regulate growth of muscle tissue.
- Prescription meds - Some help minimize muscle loss.
- Physical therapy - Stretching, balance exercises.
- Manage other conditions - Control diabetes, heart disease, etc.
The main takeaway is that decreased muscle mass is a common age-related condition that makes everyday activities more challenging. Staying physically active with strength training and getting enough protein can help slow down muscle loss. Seeking early treatment is key to regaining strength and mobility.